Nanomaterial Surface Coatings for Wear Resistance in High-Stress Mechanical Components: Durability Testing in Technical Colleges in Bayelsa State

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of various nanomaterial surface coatings in enhancing wear resistance of high-stress mechanical components, with durability testing conducted across technical colleges in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Three nanomaterial coatings—titanium nitride (TiN), diamond-like carbon (DLC), and ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) were applied to standardized steel test specimens and subjected to accelerated wear testing under controlled conditions. Testing was performed using equipment available in four technical college facilities, with the dual purpose of assessing coating performance and evaluating the feasibility of implementing advanced materials testing in resource-constrained educational environments. Results demonstrated that DLC coatings exhibited superior wear resistance (83% reduction in material loss compared to uncoated specimens) and extended component lifespan in simulated high-stress applications. TiN coatings showed moderate improvement (67% reduction), while ceramic-reinforced MMCs demonstrated variable performance depending on substrate material and application conditions. The study also revealed significant challenges in conducting advanced materials testing in technical colleges, including equipment limitations, power supply inconsistencies, and technical expertise gaps. Recommendations include the development of simplified testing protocols, investment in basic wear-testing equipment, and establishing collaborative networks between technical colleges and research institutions to advance materials science education and application in developing regions.